光子增强热电子发射型太阳能转换器是一种理论效率极高的新型太阳能利用技术.提出利用指数掺杂GaAs材料作为光子增强热电子发射型太阳能转换器阴极，基于能量守恒及电子扩散漂移发射模型，理论计算了指数掺杂GaAs阴极光子增强热电子发射型太阳能转化器的转化效率.结果表明：指数掺杂GaAs可以显著提高光子增强热电子发射效率;指数掺杂GaAs光子增强热电子太阳能转化器转化效率随聚光倍数的增加和阴极表面电子复合速率减小而单调上升;当太阳基数大于200、阴极表面复合小于104 cm/s时，指数掺杂GaAs阴极光子增强热电子发射型太阳能转换器效率可达30%.

Time-resolved diagnosis of the transient process using X-ray frame cameras (XRCs) is an important means in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. The sensitivity of the photocathode is a key parameter of the entire camera system. This letter aims to raise the quantum efficiency (QE) of the photocathode. With the changes in the deposition parameters, such as deposit angle, thickness of the coating in the channel, and vacuum of evaporation, the QE results are different. After testing and theoretical calculation, we find that there is a best matching value among these parameters. When the coating parameter meet this best value, the gain of the XRC can be improved significantly.

The detonation temperature is measured both theoretically and experimentally by means of a complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) image sensor. An experimental system of multiwavelength temperature measurement based on CMOS image sensing technology is designed and realized. The instant spectral information of each moment is captured by row with the CMOS image sensor, depending on the unique characteristic of its rolling shutter. With the use of multiwavelength temperature measurement theory and by fitting spectrum emissivity through the regressive least square method, the color temperature of the detonation whose temperature is variable can be obtained continuously. The system is calibrated by measuring the standard spectrum of the laser. In our system, four time temperatures are measured within 10-μs detonation. Results show that the system has a higher measuring accuracy and speed, and can be applied in high-speed spectral information collection and storage during the detonation.

The transit characteristics of gain electrons in the dynamic electric field in one micro-channel, the relation of the temporal resolution, and the gating electric pulse are discussed in detail. The simulation analyses provide guidance on how to select parameters of the gating electric pulse for designing the X-ray picosecond framing camera, based on micro-channel plates, especially with regard to the aspect of the temporal resolution of the camera. Certain experimental results are presented.

高速行波选通的X射线皮秒分幅相机的时间分辨率受皮秒选通脉冲的宽度和幅值的非线性关系直接影响。针对微通道板(MCP)行波选通皮秒分幅相机中的“增益压窄效应”,在高斯型皮秒选通电脉冲作用下,通过计算MCP分幅管的时间分辨率和对增益压窄效应的分析,得到MCP皮秒选通分幅管的增益压窄指数约为10.0,分幅管的时间分辨率约为选通脉冲脉宽的1/3.16。并在脉冲参数(250 ps,－1 100 V)和(220 ps,－900 V)下进行了分幅相机时间分辨率理论计算和实验测试,分别得到了理论时间分辨率为78.8 ps和67.6 ps,相机实验时间分辨率为76.4 ps 和66.5 ps的结果。

设计了一种飞秒条纹变相管．采用静电聚焦，用Monte Carlo方法对光电子的初能量、初角度以及初位置进行抽样；用有限差分法计算阴极和栅极之间以及偏转板之间的电场分布；用四阶Lunge－Kutta法模拟跟踪大量(3000个)光电子的运行轨迹；统计分析了3000个电子在最佳像面上的时间分布、位置分布；给出了变相管的空间调制传递函数、时间分辨能力等基本参量．其时间分辨能力可望达到290．4fs．